In this study, we fabricated alloy-typed core/shell. The review is completed with conclusion and a brief perspective on future development of core–shell particles in chromatography. By learning from nature, humans designed various coreshell structure based materials through bionics including coreshell scaffolds, bone biomimetic composites, functionalized nanoparticles, and quantum dots. novel nanomaterials for electronic structures have come up with various quantum dot (QD). The use of columns packed with core–shell particles in different types of liquid chromatography is then discussed, followed by illustrating example applications of such columns for separation of various types of samples. The advantage of this structure greatly relies on the crucial design of both core and shell, thus achieving an intercomponent synergistic effect. Several types of core-shell nanoparticles, such as metallic, magnetic, silica-based, upconversion, and carbon-based core-shell nanoparticles, have been designed and developed for drug delivery applications. The core–shell particles are compared with totally porous silica particles and also monolithic columns. Coreshell structures are of particular interest in the development of advanced composite materials as they can efficiently bring different components together at nanoscale. The fundamentals are discussed on why core–shell particles can perform better with low back pressure, in terms of van Deemter equation and kinetic plots. In this review, we firstly show the types of core–shell particles and how they are generally prepared, focusing on the methods used to produce core–shell silica particles for chromatographic applications. In recent years, core–shell silica microspheres (with a solid core and a porous shell, also known as fused-core or superficially porous microspheres) have been widely investigated and used for highly efficient and fast separation with reasonably low pressure for separation of small molecules, large molecules and complex samples. Fast separation often results in very high operating pressure, which places a huge burden on HPLC instrumentation. The challenges in HPLC are fast and efficient separation for a wide range of samples.
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